Kalyāṇaka-bhūmi
Five kalyāṇakas mark a Tīrthaṅkara's life - conception, birth, renunciation, omniscience, nirvāṇa - and the ground where each happened is a kalyāṇaka-bhūmi. The map draws two of the five: where each was born, and where each left.
Cyavana, janma, dīkṣā, kevalajñāna, nirvāṇa. The gods attend all five; the calendar keeps all five. For the ground, though, the two ends do most of the work. Conception is in the same city as birth. Renunciation is, for most of the twenty-four, in a garden outside the birth city, and omniscience in the same garden or near it; the exceptions are the famous ones - Ṛṣabha's omniscience at Purimatāla, Mahāvīra's on the bank of the Ṛjuvālikā, Nemi's on Girnār. Drawing all five would put four dots on most cities and tell the reader little the two do not.
So the second view draws the two: the twenty-four in a column, the sixteen cities of birth at the left, the five places of nirvāṇa at the right, a line from each name to each. Read it across and the shape of the whole is visible at once - five born in Ayodhyā, three in Hastināpura, and twenty lines converging on one hill.
માપ અને સંખ્યાઓ
| The five | cyavana · janma · dīkṣā · kevalajñāna · nirvāṇa |
|---|---|
| Drawn | janma and nirvāṇa |
| Born in Ayodhyā | 5 |
| Born in Hastināpura | 3 |
| Nirvāṇa at Sammeta Śikhara | 20 |