जै · The Jain Encyclopedia
Abhakṣya 7 · beings you cannot see

Butter

नवनीत · माखण

Butter is refused because, once it is taken out of the buttermilk, minute living beings arise in it; ghee, which is butter cooked, is not refused.

The handbooks say beings arise in fresh butter within an antarmuhūrta of its separation, which is why the same milk is fine as ghee and not as butter: the cooking ends it. It is the one of the four vikṛtis that is not a ma-kāra and not among the Digambara mūla-guṇas, which is why some lists count only three great vikṛtis and keep butter as an abhakṣya on its own.

The twenty-two, laid by their reasonsPravacanasāroddhāra 245–246 - the verse still recited, bāvīs abhakṣyathe sectors are the commentary's reasons, sized by count; the numbers on the bowls are the verse'sthirteen of the twenty-two are refused for beings you cannot seebeings you cannot seein it, or arising in it13beings without numbera soul in every seed, or infinite in one body3the elements, rawwater and earth, for no need3the eater, or unweighableharm to oneself, or what cannot be judged3the five figsthe four vikṛtis1umbarathe gūlar fig2vaṭathe banyan fig3pippalathe peepal fig4plakṣathe plakṣa fig5kākodumbarathe small fig6madhuhoney7navanītabutter8madyawine9māṃsameat14rātri-bhojanathe night meal17sandhānapickles18ghola-vaṭakapulse in raw curd22calita-rasafood that has turned15bahu-bījamany-seeded fruit16ananta-kāyathe common bodies19vṛntākabrinjal10himasnow12karakahail13mṛdearth11viṣapoison20amuṇiya phulla-phalaunknown fruit, flowers21tuccha-phalaempty fruit22bāvīs abhakṣyaPravacanasāroddhāra 245–246
The twenty-two, laid by their reasons - Butter highlighted

Measurements and counts

Place in the verse7
Reasonbeings arise in it once separated
Gheeallowed - it has been cooked

Connected

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समयं गोयम! मा पमायए

Do not be heedless, Gautama, for even a single samaya.

Uttarādhyayana Sūtra 10