जै · The Jain Encyclopedia
अनुवाद अभी अपरीक्षित. यह अनुवाद अभी मूल ग्रंथों के जानकार द्वारा जाँचा नहीं गया है। अंक वही हैं जो अंग्रेज़ी में हैं; शब्दावली की समीक्षा शेष है।
The sky · the shining gods

The Jyotiṣka

ज्योतिष्क

The luminous gods — sun, moon, planet, constellation and star — who live in a band of sky just 110 yojana thick, and whose motion is what time is.

Everything that shines over Jambūdvīpa lives between 790 and 900 yojana above the ground: the stars lowest at 790, the sun at 800, the moon at 880 — the moon rides above the sun — the constellations at 884, and the five planet shelves from 888 up to Śani at 900. The whole visible heaven fits in a sheet of sky 110 yojana deep.

They are not lamps but gods of the third class, each riding a vimāna of crystal that shines of itself. Their circling of Meru is not decoration: the muhūrta, the day, the month and the year are defined by it. Where they stop moving — beyond Mānuṣottaratime as humans count it stops too.

That is the deepest claim of this sky: it holds 132 suns and 132 moons over the human world — two over Jambūdvīpa, four over Lavaṇa, twelve over Dhātakīkhaṇḍa, forty-two over Kālodadhi, seventy-two over Puṣkarārdha — every one of them a clock.

माप और संख्याएँ

The five classessun · moon · planet · constellation · star
Band790–900 yojana above the ground
Thickness110 yojana
Suns in the human world132
Moons132
Beyond Mānuṣottaramotionless

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