जै · The Jain Encyclopedia
One point of space

Pradeśa

प्रदेश

The smallest region of space: exactly the room one atom takes up, and no less.

Space in Jain physics is not continuous. It is a lattice of indivisible points, and a pradeśa is one of them. It is defined the same way the Samaya is, by the smallest thing that can occupy it.

The count matters. The space-points of the occupied universe are asaṃkhyāta, innumerable but finite, because the Loka itself is finite. The space-points of the emptiness outside it are anantānanta, because that is not.

A soul has space-points too, also asaṃkhyāta, and the same number regardless of the body it is in. It contracts into an ant and expands into an elephant like a cloth folded or spread, which is how one soul occupies bodies of every size without changing what it is.

what one samaya isparamāṇupradeśaone atom crosses one point of space, at its slowest= one samayawhy it cannot be dividedA cloth tears in an instant. But each thread parts after the one before it,and each thread is countless fibres. Parting one fibre takes innumerable samaya.counted in samaya1Liberationthe soul's rise to Siddhaśilā, never turning1–4Vigrahagatithe passage from one body to the next8Kevalī samudghātaa soul fills the whole loka and returnsasaṃ.One āvalikāinnumerable samaya · ≈ 1/5,800 second2 →Antarmuhūrtamore than an instant, less than 48 minutesthe ladder of number21 kinds · 3 numerable, 9 innumerable, 9 infiniteANANTAthe infiniteUtkṛṣṭa Anantānantakevalajñāna knows all of it at onceMadhyama Anantānantathe space-points of alokaJaghanya AnantānantaUtkṛṣṭa YuktānantaMadhyama Yuktānantathe siddhas · the souls in nigodaJaghanya Yuktānanta= the number of abhavya soulsUtkṛṣṭa ParītānantaMadhyama ParītānantaJaghanya Parītānantautkṛṣṭa asaṃkhyātāsaṃkhyāta + 1ASAṂKHYĀTAthe innumerableUtkṛṣṭa AsaṃkhyātāsaṃkhyātaMadhyama Asaṃkhyātāsaṃkhyātathe space-points of the loka fall hereJaghanya AsaṃkhyātāsaṃkhyātaUtkṛṣṭa YuktāsaṃkhyātaMadhyama YuktāsaṃkhyātaJaghanya Yuktāsaṃkhyāta= the samaya in one āvalikāUtkṛṣṭa ParītāsaṃkhyātaMadhyama ParītāsaṃkhyātaJaghanya Parītāsaṃkhyātautkṛṣṭa saṃkhyāta + 1SAṂKHYĀTAthe numerableUtkṛṣṭa Saṃkhyātathe four śalākā pits, less oneMadhyama SaṃkhyātaJaghanya Saṃkhyāta= 2 · counting begins here→ the four śalākā pits: how the greatest numerable number is fixed
The samaya, and the ladder of number — Pradeśa highlighted

Measurements and counts

Sizethe room for one atom
Divisible?no
In the lokaasaṃkhyāta
In alokaanantānanta
In one soulasaṃkhyāta
Occupied byone paramāṇu at a time

Connected

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समयं गोयम! मा पमायए

Do not be heedless, Gautama, for even a single samaya.

Uttarādhyayana Sūtra 10