जै · The Jain Encyclopedia
The universe

Loka

लोक

Everything that exists sits inside a finite, uncreated space shaped like a standing figure. Outside it is empty space, forever.

Jain cosmology opens with a refusal. Nobody made the universe, nobody maintains it, nobody will wind it up. The loka simply is, and always has been. What moves inside it is the endless traffic of souls between bodies.

Its shape is fixed. Artists draw it as a person standing with feet apart and hands on the waist: broad at the base, pinched at the middle, broad again at the chest, narrow at the crown. Vertically it measures 14 rajju.

Three storeys stack inside. Adho Loka below, Madhya Loka at the waist, Ūrdhva Loka above, and at the very crown Siddhaśilā, where souls that have finished with rebirth come to rest and never move again.

A column one rajju square runs the whole height through the centre: the Trasa-nāḍī. Beings that can move under their own power are found only inside it.

02468101214rajjuSiddhaśilāno lifespanSarvārthasiddhi · centre33 sāgar.Vijaya · east31–33 sāgar.Vaijayanta · south31–33 sāgar.Jayanta · west31–33 sāgar.Aparājita · north31–33 sāgar.Upper Graiveyaka × 329–31 sāgar.Middle Graiveyaka × 326–28 sāgar.Lower Graiveyaka × 323–25 sāgar.12 Acyuta22 sāgar.11 Āraṇa21 sāgar.10 Prāṇata20 sāgar.9 Ānata19 sāgar.8 Sahasrāra18 sāgar.7 Mahāśukra17 sāgar.6 Lāntaka14 sāgar.5 Brahmaloka10 sāgar.4 Māhendra› 7 sāgar.3 Sanatkumāra7 sāgar.2 Īśāna› 2 sāgar.1 Saudharma2 sāgar.Madhya Lokahumans live hereBhavanavāsī and Vyantara› 1 sāgar.1 Ratnaprabhā1 sāgar.2 Śarkarāprabhā3 sāgar.3 Vālukāprabhā7 sāgar.4 Paṅkaprabhā10 sāgar.5 Dhūmaprabhā17 sāgar.6 Tamaḥprabhā22 sāgar.7 Mahātamaḥprabhā33 sāgar.longest lifeevery storey, top to bottom · click any rowyou are here
The universe, end to end — Loka highlighted

Measurements and counts

Height14 rajju
Width at the base7 rajju
Width at the waist1 rajju
Widest point above5 rajju
Volume239 cubic rajju (Śvetāmbara)
Made byno one
Outside italoka — empty space

Connected

Open in the interactive atlas →

समयं गोयम! मा पमायए

Do not be heedless, Gautama, for even a single samaya.

Uttarādhyayana Sūtra 10