जै · The Jain Encyclopedia
Unit of distance

The yojana

योजन

The unit every measurement on this map is given in. Its size depends on which yojana you mean.

The everyday yojana, built up from the width of a finger, is usually reckoned at somewhere around eight or nine miles. Jain texts call this the utsedha yojana and use it for the heights of people and the sizes of ordinary things.

Cosmological distances use a different and much larger unit, the pramāṇa yojana, defined as five hundred times the utsedha yojana. Continents, oceans and mountains are measured in these.

So converting the map into kilometres is not a matter of one multiplication, and any single conversion figure you see quoted is choosing a definition without saying so. The relationships between the numbers are exact and reliable; the absolute scale is a matter of which unit is meant.

SudarśanaVijayaAcalaMandaraVidyunmālīJambūdvīpaLavaṇa SamudraDhātakīkhaṇḍaKālodadhiPuṣkarārdhaJambūdvīpa2 suns · 2 moonsLavaṇa Samudra4 suns · 4 moonsDhātakīkhaṇḍa12 suns · 12 moonsKālodadhi42 suns · 42 moonsPuṣkarārdha72 suns · 72 moonsMānuṣottarano human passes itEach ring is twice the width of the one before it,and every ring is counted on both sides:1 + 2+2 + 4+4 + 8+8 + 8+8 lakh yojana= 45,00,000 yojana across5 Merus · 170 lands of action132 suns · 132 moons · 56 islands22,50,000 yojana — half the human worldNuttaraEpūrvaSdakṣiṇaWpaścimareckoned from Meruyou are here
The two and a half continents — The yojana highlighted

Measurements and counts

Utsedha yojanaroughly 8–9 miles
Pramāṇa yojana500 × utsedha
Used for the continentspramāṇa
Used for bodiesutsedha
Jambūdvīpa1,00,000 yojana across

Connected

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समयं गोयम! मा पमायए

Do not be heedless, Gautama, for even a single samaya.

Uttarādhyayana Sūtra 10