Aḍhāī-dvīpa
Two continents plus the inner half of a third. This is the entire human world, and it is 45,00,000 yojana across.
Count outward from the centre: Jambūdvīpa, the Lavaṇa ocean, Dhātakīkhaṇḍa, the Kālodadhi ocean, and then half of Pushkaravara — cut clean down the middle by the ring-mountain Mānuṣottara. Two and a half continents. Hence the name.
The arithmetic is exact, because each ring is twice the width of the last and is counted on both sides: 1 + 2 + 2 + 4 + 4 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 lakh yojana, giving 45 lakh across.
The reason to draw this boundary rather than any other is that no human is ever born beyond Mānuṣottara, and none ever dies beyond it. Liberation, therefore, is available only here. Every Tīrthaṅkara who has ever taught, and every one who ever will, appears inside this disc.
Within it there are exactly 170 lands where spiritual effort is possible: five Bharat, five Airāvat, and 160 The 32 Vijayass of the five Mahāvidehas. Nothing else counts.
Measurements and counts
| Diameter | 45,00,000 yojana |
|---|---|
| Continents | 2½ |
| Merus | 5 |
| Lands of action | 170 |
| Suns | 132 |
| Moons | 132 |
| Sealed by | Mānuṣottara |
Connected
Ikṣuvara
The seventh continent, 40,96,00,000 yojana wide — the last land before Nandīśvara.
Nothing is recorded of its surface. Its importance is entirely positional: cross it, cross the ocean of sugarcane juice beyond it, and the next ring is the one the gods travel to.
It is named for Ikṣuvaroda, the fourth and last of the flavoured oceans.
| Ring width | 40,96,00,000 yojana |
|---|---|
| Position | 7th continent |
| Next continent out | Nandīśvara |