Provinces of Mahāvideha

The 32 Vijayas

विजय

Thirty-two self-contained provinces filling Mahāvideha, eight in each quarter. Each is a complete miniature of Bharat.

Every vijaya has its own Vijayārdha range running east–west, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions, its own capital city, and its own cakravartī if one arises. Each measures 2,212 7⁄8 yojana east to west and 16,592 yojana north to south.

They are numbered in a single loop around Mount Meru: 1–8 north of Sītā running out to the eastern sea, 9–16 back along the south of Sītā, 17–24 south of Sītodā running out to the western sea, 25–32 back along the north of Sītodā.

All thirty-two are lands of action. With five Mahāvidehas that gives 160 vijayas, and 160 plus five Bharats plus five Airāvats is the 170 places in the universe where a soul can win liberation.

Four vijayas in each Mahāvideha hold a living Tīrthaṅkara at this moment. In Jambūdvīpa's Mahāvideha they are Puṣkalāvatī, Vatsa, Nalināvatī and Vapra — the four provinces standing at the ocean, in facing pairs across the two great rivers.

Mahāvideha and its thirty-two provinces — The 32 Vijayas highlighted

Measurements and counts

Per Mahāvideha	32
In the human world	160
East–west each	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south each	16,592 yojana
Divisions inside each	6
Cakravartī vijayas in Jambūdvīpa	34 (32 + Bharat + Airāvat)

Connected

Mahāvideha Kṣetra Puṣkalāvatī Vatsa Nalināvatī Vapra Vakṣaskāra mountains Antaranadī The 20 Vihārmān Jinas Vaitāḍhya

Vijaya 5 of 32

Āvarta

आवर्त

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 5th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	5 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 31 of 32

Gandhila

गन्धिल

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 31st of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	31 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 32 of 32

Gandhilāvatī

गन्धिलावती

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 32nd of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	32 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 1 of 32

Kaccha

कच्छ

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 1st of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	1 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 4 of 32

Kacchakāvatī

कच्छकावती

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 4th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	4 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 22 of 32

Kumuda

कुमुद

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 22nd of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	22 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 3 of 32

Mahākaccha

महाकच्छ

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 3rd of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	3 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 19 of 32

Mahāpadma

महापद्म

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 19th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	19 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 27 of 32

Mahāvapra

महावप्र

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 27th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	27 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 11 of 32

Mahāvatsa

महावत्स

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 11th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	11 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 6 of 32

Maṅgalāvarta

मङ्गलावर्त

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 6th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	6 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 16 of 32

Maṅgalāvatī

मङ्गलावती

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 16th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	16 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 23 of 32

Nalina

नलिन

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 23rd of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	23 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 17 of 32

Padma

पद्म

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 17th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	17 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 20 of 32

Padmakāvatī

पद्मकावती

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 20th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	20 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 7 of 32

Puṣkala

पुष्कल

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 7th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	7 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 15 of 32

Ramaṇīya

रमणीय

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 15th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	15 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 13 of 32

Ramya

रम्य

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 13th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	13 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 21 of 32

Śaṅkha

शङ्ख

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 21st of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	21 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 2 of 32

Sukaccha

सुकच्छ

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 2nd of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	2 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 18 of 32

Supadma

सुपद्म

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 18th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	18 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 14 of 32

Suramya

सुरम्य

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 14th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	14 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 30 of 32

Suvalgu

सुवल्गु

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 30th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	30 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 26 of 32

Suvapra

सुवप्र

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 26th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	26 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 10 of 32

Suvatsa

सुवत्स

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 10th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	10 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 29 of 32

Valgu

वल्गु

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 29th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	29 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 28 of 32

Vaprakāvatī

वप्रकावती

A province of Mahāvideha, north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha.

The 28th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying north of the Sītodā, in West Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītodā.

Number	28 of 32
Quarter	north of the Sītodā — West Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītodā Vakṣaskāra mountains

Vijaya 12 of 32

Vatsakāvatī

वत्सकावती

A province of Mahāvideha, south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha.

The 12th of the thirty-two vijayas, lying south of the Sītā, in East Mahāvideha. Like every vijaya it carries its own Vijayārdha range across the middle, its own pair of rivers, its own six divisions and its own capital, and a cakravartī may rise in it.

It is bounded on either side by a Vakṣaskāra mountains range or an Antaranadī river, and reaches from the great boundary mountain to the bank of the Sītā.

Number	12 of 32
Quarter	south of the Sītā — East Mahāvideha
East–west	2,212 7⁄8 yojana
North–south	16,592 yojana
Land of action?	yes

The 32 Vijayas Mahāvideha Kṣetra Sītā Vakṣaskāra mountains

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