जै · The Jain Encyclopedia
Upāṅga · 12 texts

The 12 upāṅgas

उपाङ्ग

Twelve secondary limbs, one to each aṅga by the later pairing.

Twelve secondary limbs, one to each aṅga by the later pairing: Aupapātika, Rājapraśnīya, Jīvājīvābhigama, Prajñāpanā, Sūryaprajñapti, Jambūdvīpaprajñapti, Candraprajñapti, Nirayāvalikā, Kalpāvataṃsikā, Puṣpikā, Puṣpacūlikā, Vṛṣṇidaśā. Among them are the texts this atlas draws from most — the Jīvājīvābhigama for the beings and the middle world, the Prajñāpanā, the Sūryaprajñapti and Candraprajñapti for the sky, the Jambūdvīpaprajñapti for Jambūdvīpa.

All twelve stand in both the forty-five and the thirty-two.

18,000Ācārāṅga36,000Sūtrakṛtāṅga72,000Sthānāṅga1,44,000Samavāyāṅga2,88,000Vyākhyāprajñapti5,76,000Jñātādharmakathāḥ11,52,000Upāsakadaśāḥ23,04,000Antakṛddaśāḥ46,08,000Anuttaropapātikadaśāḥ92,16,000Praśnavyākaraṇa1,84,32,000VipākaśrutalostDṛṣṭivādathe twelve aṅgas · padas, each double the last · log scalethe sūtras say “numerable thousands”; the series is the commentators'1Utpāda2Agrāyaṇīya4Vīryapravāda8Astināstipravāda16Jñānapravāda32Satyapravāda64Ātmapravāda128Karmapravāda256Pratyākhyānapravāda512Vidyānupravāda1,024Avandhya2,048Prāṇāvāya4,096Kriyāviśāla8,192Lokabindusārainside the twelfth: the fourteen pūrvas · elephant-loads of ink, doubling · log scale1 to 8,192 — 16,383 in all — a reckoning of the tradition, printed as suchAṅga12 · 11 surviveĀcārāṅgaSūtrakṛtāṅgaSthānāṅgaSamavāyāṅgaVyākhyāprajñaptiJñātādharmakathāḥUpāsakadaśāḥAntakṛddaśāḥAnuttaropapātikadaśāḥPraśnavyākaraṇaVipākaśrutaDṛṣṭivādaUpāṅga12AupapātikaRājapraśnīyaJīvājīvābhigamaPrajñāpanāSūryaprajñaptiJambūdvīpaprajñaptiCandraprajñaptiNirayāvalikāKalpāvataṃsikāPuṣpikāPuṣpacūlikāVṛṣṇidaśāChedasūtra6 · 4 in the thirty-twoĀcāradaśā · the KalpasūtraBṛhatkalpaVyavahāraNiśīthaJītakalpaMahāniśīthaMūlasūtra4 · 3 in the thirty-twoDaśavaikālikaUttarādhyayanaĀvaśyakaPiṇḍaniryukti · OghaniryuktiCūlikāsūtra2NandīAnuyogadvāraPrakīrṇaka10 · 0 in the thirty-twoCatuḥśaraṇaĀturapratyākhyānaBhaktaparijñāSaṃstārakaTaṇḍulavaicārikaCandravedhyakaDevendrastavaGaṇividyāMahāpratyākhyānaVīrastavathe forty-five, by kindnot in the Sthānakavāsī thirty-twolost05001000Pāṭaliputra · 160SthūlabhadraMathurā and Valabhī · 827–840Skandila; NāgārjunaValabhī · 980 or 993Devarddhi Kṣamāśramaṇayears after Mahāvīra — traditionThe canon: what survived, and what was lostthe twelve aṅgas by padas — the commentators' series on the Samavāyāṅga and Nandīthe fourteen pūrvas in elephant-loads of ink — a reckoning of the traditionforty-five books, or thirty-two; three councils, the last of which wrote them down16,383elephant-loads of ink, lost
The canon: what survived, and what was lost — The 12 upāṅgas highlighted

Measurements and counts

Texts12
In the forty-fiveall
In the thirty-two12

Connected

The CanonThe twelve aṅgasSuns and moonsJambūdvīpa

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समयं गोयम! मा पमायए

Do not be heedless, Gautama, for even a single samaya.

Uttarādhyayana Sūtra 10