जै · The Jain Encyclopedia
Meru · the consecration slabs

The four abhiṣeka śilās

अभिषेक शिला

Four rock slabs in Pāṇḍaka Vana where every newborn Tīrthaṅkara is bathed by the gods.

When a Tīrthaṅkara is born, the thrones of the Indras shake. Śakra descends, lifts the sleeping infant, leaves a substitute image beside the mother so she notices nothing, and carries the child to Meru's summit. There the gods pour 1,008 pitchers of water drawn from the ocean of milk. This is the janma-kalyāṇaka, the first of the five auspicious events in a Tīrthaṅkara's life.

Which slab is used depends on where the child was born, and the two name-pairs follow the two geographic pairs. Pāṇḍukambalā in the south serves Bharat Kṣetra and Atipāṇḍukambalā in the north serves Airāvat Kṣetra, the two regions that mirror each other north and south. Raktakambalā in the east serves East Mahāvideha Kṣetra and Atiraktakambalā in the west serves West Mahāvideha. Each slab sits in the direction of the region it serves.

Sources differ on which slab stands at which compass point, though every account agrees on the four names, on their number, and on the pairing of Bharat with Pāṇḍukambalā, which is the one the tradition repeats most.

Each slab is described as half-moon shaped, 500 yojana long and 250 wide, of white or red gold, with a throne standing on it.

scale break1st kāṇḍa1,000 yoj · stone2nd kāṇḍa63,000 yoj3rd kāṇḍa36,000 yojBhadraśāla Vanaon the plain · 4 shrinesNandana Vana500 yojana up · 500 wideSaumanasa Vana63,000 up · kāṇḍa boundaryPāṇḍaka Vana99,000 up · the four śilāsCūlikā40 yojana of blue beryl–1,000050063,00099,000yojanathe summit, magnified · not to scaleAirāvatE · E. VidehaS · BharatW · W. VidehaPāṇḍaka Vana in plan · not to scaleS Pāṇḍukambalā · N AtipāṇḍukambalāE Raktakambalā · W AtiraktakambalāHeights are compressed between Nandana and Saumanasa; widths are true.The mountain tapers from 10,000 yojana at the ground to 1,000 at the crown.
Mount Meru in elevation — The four abhiṣeka śilās highlighted

Measurements and counts

Count4
Length500 yojana each
Width250 yojana
South — PāṇḍukambalāTīrthaṅkaras of Bharat
North — AtipāṇḍukambalāAirāvat
East — RaktakambalāEast Mahāvideha
West — AtiraktakambalāWest Mahāvideha
Pitchers poured1,008

Connected

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समयं गोयम! मा पमायए

Do not be heedless, Gautama, for even a single samaya.

Uttarādhyayana Sūtra 10